Sensory integration is a process that involves the nervous system's ability to receive and analyze information from various sensory organs to use it for purposeful and coordinated actions. It is a fundamental part of a person's overall coping abilities and is associated with the processing of various senses, such as hearing, vision, touch, taste, smell, and proprioception. The success of sensory integration depends on the nervous system's ability to effectively combine and process information obtained from different sources, which directly affects both physical and cognitive functions.

Developing sensory integration is particularly important for children and adults with sensory processing difficulties. These difficulties can manifest as various disorders affecting hearing, vision, touch, taste, movement, smell, and coordination. The consequences of these disorders may include motor skill problems, cognitive development issues, and behavioral challenges.

Signs of sensory integration disorders include:

- Hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity to sounds, light, and touch.

- Excessive or insufficient motor activity, altered muscle tone.

- Difficulties in spatial orientation and distinguishing body parts, learning to read and write.

- Motor coordination problems, clumsiness, and inhibition.

- Impulsiveness, concentration difficulties, and quick fatigue.

- Avoidance of social relationships, speech problems, learning difficulties.

- Problems with everyday skills such as using utensils or holding a pencil correctly.

Sensory integration disorders can be diagnosed and treated through specialized therapy sessions. These sessions aim to train the nervous system to more effectively process and respond to different stimuli. Sensory integration disorders are often found in children and adults with autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), developmental delays, or cerebral palsy.

Furthermore, the effectiveness of sensory integration therapy is enhanced when it is part of a comprehensive approach involving collaboration with parents, teachers, and other therapists.

The goal of sensory integration therapy is to improve an individual's ability to function effectively and interact with their environment, increasing both self-regulation and independence. Therapy helps develop sensitivity and responsiveness to various sensory stimuli, teaching individuals to better perceive, process, and respond to sounds, smells, touches, and visual cues. It also aids in regulating sensory responses to reduce anxiety and hypersensitivity while improving the cooperation and coordination of sensory systems.